Dr Zubair Saleem
Q1: What is NAFLD?
A1: Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is a condition where excess fat accumulates in the liver cells, unrelated to alcohol consumption. It encompasses a spectrum of liver conditions, ranging from simple fatty liver to more severe forms like non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and cirrhosis.
Q2: What are the Risk Factors for NAFLD?
A2:
Obesity: Excess body weight, especially around the abdomen.
Type 2 Diabetes: Insulin resistance contributes to fat accumulation in the liver.
Insulin Resistance: Impaired insulin function leads to increased fat storage.
High Blood Pressure: A known risk factor for liver disease.
High Cholesterol: Elevated levels contribute to liver fat buildup.
Metabolic Syndrome: A cluster of conditions promoting NAFLD.
Q3: How is NAFLD Diagnosed?
A3:
Blood Tests: Elevated liver enzymes may indicate liver inflammation.
Imaging Studies: Ultrasound, CT scans, or MRIs visualize liver fat.
Fibroscan
Liver Biopsy: Invasive procedure to assess liver tissue for inflammation and scarring (usually reserved for severe cases).
Q4: Can NAFLD be Prevented?
A4:
Healthy Diet: Adopt a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
Regular Exercise: Engage in regular physical activity to maintain a healthy weight.
Manage Diabetes: Keep blood sugar levels under control.
Control Cholesterol and Blood Pressure: Medications or lifestyle changes may be recommended.
Q5: What is the Treatment for NAFLD?
A5:
Lifestyle Changes: Weight loss through a balanced diet and exercise.
Medications: Some drugs may be prescribed to manage specific aspects of the disease.
Control Underlying Conditions: Managing diabetes, cholesterol, and blood pressure.
Regular Monitoring: Periodic check-ups to assess liver health.
Q6: Is NAFLD Reversible?
A6:
Early Stages: Yes, lifestyle changes can often reverse liver fat accumulation.
Advanced Stages: Cirrhosis may be irreversible, highlighting the importance of early intervention.
Q7: Can NAFLD Lead to Liver Failure?
A7:
In Advanced Cases: Yes, severe forms of NAFLD, particularly NASH and cirrhosis, can lead to liver failure.
Regular Monitoring: Timely intervention can prevent progression to advanced stages.
Q8: Is NAFLD Contagious?
A8: No, NAFLD is not contagious. It does not spread through contact with an affected person.
Q9: Can Children Develop NAFLD?
A9: Yes, NAFLD is increasingly diagnosed in children, often associated with obesity and poor lifestyle habits, junk and fast food consumption.
Q10: Can NAFLD Increase the Risk of Liver Cancer?
A10: In advanced cases, particularly cirrhosis, the risk of liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma) may increase. Regular monitoring is crucial.